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computing:darwin [2016/04/24 04:31] – oemb1905computing:darwin [2020/02/12 01:02] (current) – oemb1905
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-#Darwin Basics +------------------------------------------- 
-#Jonathan Haack +  * **darwin**  
-#Haack's Networking +  * **Jonathan Haack** 
-#netcmnd@jonathanhaack.com+  * **Haack's Networking** 
 +  * **netcmnd@jonathanhaack.com** 
  
 ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
-#Path+Making a bootable usb stick ...
  
-  /etc/paths (location of PATH on Mac) +  diskutil list 
-  /etc/man.path (man page paths)+  diskutil eraseDisk <filesystemtype> <partitionname> <diskidentifier> 
 +  diskutil unmountDisk <diskidentifier>
  
-#Force Remove Trash+Examples
  
-#User Directory Trashes (sudo not required, but can help) +  sudo dd if=/Volumes/Cave/Users/axes/Desktop/lubuntu.iso of=/dev/disk4 bs=1m 
-  sudo rm -rf ~/.Trash/* +  sudo dd if=/Users/me/tails-i386-1.3.iso of=/dev/rdisk9 bs=16m && sync
-   +
-#All Directory Trashes (sudo not required, but can help) +
-  sudo rm -rf /Volumes/*/.Trashes+
  
-#If this still causes trouble, then +Insert USB drive into PPC Mac of choice, depress command-option-o-f (open firmware) 
-  login root+try usb0, usb1, usb2, etc. until it works and finds the port you used for the img
  
-#Enter password +  probe-usb 
-  sudo rm -rf /Volumes/*/.Trashes+  boot usb0/disk@1:2,\\yaboot 
 +  boot usb1/disk@1:2,\\yaboot 
  
-#Now, all trashes should empty, but it is slow so view +once inside the yaboot shell, some common examples are:
-#Finder Status bar at /Volumes/Macintosh HD/+
  
-#Showing hidden items in Finder (highly recommended)+  install url=mintppc.org 
 +  install 
 +  cli   
 +  cli-expert 
 +  cli64 
 +  cli64-expert
  
-  defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles TRUE 
-  killall Finder 
  
-#replace with FALSE to change back ... make sure before entering killall +------------------------------------------- 
-#could also use YES / NO, or 1/0 (have not tested 1/0)+#**wireless hardware drivers, b43 cutter +** 
 +-------------------------------------------
  
-#Hiding Users+  deb http://httpredir.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main contrib non-free 
 +  deb http://http.debian.net/debian/ jessie main contrib non-free 
 +  apt-get update 
 +  sudo lspci 
 +  apt-get install firmware-b43-installer 
 +  apt-get install firmware-b43-lpphy-installer 
 +  apt-get install firmware-b43legacy-installer
  
-  sudo dscl . create /Users/shortnameofuser IsHidden 1 +use lspci above and then visit https://wiki.debian.org/bcm43xx#supported-b43
- +
-#change to 0 to de-activate +
- +
-#Moving user directory to var (warning, do this logged in as root) +
-  sudo mv /Users/shortnameofuser /var/shortnameofuser +
- +
-#Then, update the user record path +
-  sudo dscl . -create /Users/shortnameofuser NSFHomeDirectory /var/shortnameofuser +
- +
-#Remove public share point through Terminal (or go to FS in SP in GUI) +
-  sudo dscl . -delete "/SharePoints/shortnameofuser's Public Folder"+
  
 ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
  
-#Homebrew Basics+32bit EFI 64bit .iso notes for GNU/Linux installs 
  
-#Install: +  hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o destination_file.img source_file.iso 
-  ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"+  diskutil list 
 +  diskutil partitionDisk /dev/disk1 1 "Free Space" "unused" "100%"
  
-#Uninstall: +Particularly helpful is partitioning as GPT from command line in macOS:  
-  Download script from GitHub https://gist.github.com/SteveBenner/11254428+
  
-#Update +  diskutil partitionDisk /dev/disk2 GPT JHFS+ New 0b 
-  brew update+   
 +Back to writing the image to the partition with dd: 
 +   
 +  dd if=[Directory/to/udrw/img] of=/dev/disk1 bs=1m 
 +  diskutil eject /dev/disk2
  
-#Cleanup: +First, disable Gatekeeper because it is stupid - use Terminal
-  brew cleanup+
  
-#Verify Config: +  sudo spctl --master-disable
-  brew doctor+
  
-#Update Packages +Second, disable System Integrity Protection (SIP) because it is stupid and won't let you dual boot properly.  Reboot your Mac, holding down command + r, and once in the recovery OS, open a Terminal and enter:
-  brew update packagename+
  
-#Install from Casks +  csrutil disable
-  brew install Caskroom/cask/nameofcasknoextension +
- +
-#To find the Casks in your GUI +
-  /Volumes/Macintosh HD/usr/local/Library/Taps/caskroom/homebrew-cask/Casks +
- +
-#To see what you have installed using your GUI +
-  /Volumes/Macintosh HD/usr/local/Cellar +
- +
-#Sometimes they are installed by default in opt +
-#(although this can be changed by an --option) +
-  /Volumes/Macintosh HD/opt/homebrew-cask/Caskroom+
  
 +Now, reboot your Mac normally and enter a Terminal.
 +  
 +  cd ~
 +  wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/refind/files/0.11.2/refind-bin-0.11.2.zip
 +  unzip refind-bin-0.11.2.zip
 +  cd refind-bin-0.11.2
 +  sudo ./refind-install
 +  sudo reboot
 +  
 ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
 +  
 +PATH Location on macOS
  
-#There is debate, mostly from MacPorts & Fink people +  /Sometimes they are installed by default in opt 
-#about where to put package Managers:+#(although this can be changed by an --option)etc/paths (location of PATH on Mac) 
 +  /etc/man.path (man page paths)
  
-#Homebrew will cause problems when building software from source if it is installed in /usr/local.+Force Empty Trashes  
 +  sudo rm -rf ~/.Trash/* 
 +  sudo rm -rf /Volumes/*/.Trashes
  
-#This is the default, which is a bad choice as this path is in the default search path of compilers and other tools. 
- 
-#Therefore builds from other packaging software might pick up the wrong dependency, using Homebrew's version instead of their own. 
- 
-#Years ago, in the very beginning of the project, even MacPorts was using /usr/local. 
- 
-#But it turned out not to cooperate with other tools as is documented in their FAQ. 
- 
-#Unfortunately Homebrew developers didn't want to hear about prior experiences and ignored such facts... 
-#In general, it is usually better to stick to one tool only to avoid all problems. 
-#MacPorts is doing their best to patch out any harcoded paths, e.g. to /sw which is used by Fink. 
-#So usually it will work, but having anything installed in /usr/local will definitely cause problems for it. 
- 
-@Raim on StackExchange  
-[[https://superuser.com/questions/181337/is-it-safe-to-install-both-homebrew-and-macports-on-the-same-machine]] 
- 
-#MacPorts addresses this too: 
-[[https://trac.macports.org/wiki/FAQ#defaultprefix]] 
  
 ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
  
-#Braumeister has a search engine of Homebrew packages+Showing hidden items in Finder
  
-[[http://braumeister.org/]]+  defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles TRUE 
 +  killall Finder
  
-------------------------------------------- 
- 
-#Common Packages (Will be adding more, this is by no means 
-#exhaustive of what I have used in past). 
- 
-  * tree 
-  * webkit2png 
-  * graphicsmagick 
-  * git 
-  * python 
-  * python3 
-  * watch 
-  * wget 
-  * automake 
-  * autoconf 
-  * htop 
-  * jpegoptim 
-  * imagemagick 
-  * fish (fish shell) 
-  * xquartz 
-  * Homebrew cask 
-  * ack (like grep) 
-  * git 
-  * bash-completion 
-  * bash completion script 
-  * colordiff 
-  * ffmpeg 
-  * htop 
-  * imagemagick 
-  * gawk 
-  * gnu-sed 
-  * cowsay 
-  * lftp 
-  * wget 
-  * axel 
-  * tree 
-  * unrar 
-  * rlwrap 
-  * readline wrap 
-  * tig 
-  * git (command line interface) 
-  * youtube-dl 
-  * lynx (web browser) 
-  * memcached (for caching on web server) 
-  * Alpine (new version of Pine) 
-  * mutt 
-  * vi 
-  * emacs 
-  * nano 
-  * python (add 3 for v.3) 
-  * pip 
-  * virtualenv 
-  * ruby 
-  * ruby-build (test versions) 
  
 ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
  
-#Install GNU Essentials+Hiding Users in macOS.  First, create an admin user in System Preferences.  
  
-  brew install coreutils+  sudo dscl . create /Users/shortnameofuser IsHidden 1 
 +  sudo mv /Users/shortnameofuser /var/shortnameofuser 
 +  sudo dscl . -create /Users/shortnameofuser NSFHomeDirectory /var/shortnameofuser 
 +  sudo dscl . -delete "/SharePoints/shortnameofuser's Public Folder" 
 +  sudo reboot
  
-#Add to PATH with TextWrangler or: +Locate bitcoin wallet private key from Bitcoin-qt console:
-  sudo open /etc/paths +
-  sudo nano /etc/paths+
  
-#Add the next line after /usr/bin +  walletpassphrase [enterpassword] 
-  /usr/local/bin +  dumprivkey [enter public address from gui]
- +
-#Add to PATH with vi text editor or nano using Terminal +
-  sudo vi /etc/paths +
-  sudo nano /etc/paths +
- +
-#Path Looks Like This, but bear in mind Homebrew prefers the local bin first +
- +
-  /usr/bin +
-  /usr/local/bin +
-  /bin +
-  /usr/sbin +
-  /sbin +
- +
-#Homebrew offers the following instructions about coreutils +
- +
-#All commands have been installed with the prefix 'g'. +
- +
-#If you really need to use these commands with their normal name can +
-#add a "gnubin" directory to your PATH from your bashrc like +
-  PATH="/usr/local/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin:$PATH" +
- +
-#Additionally, you can access their man pages with normal names the +
-#"gnuman" directory to your MANPATH from your bashrc as well +
-  MANPATH="/usr/local/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnuman:$MANPATH" +
- +
-#You can also use Text Wrangler to add the GNU commands to Man Pages (or use vi) +
-  /etc/man.conf +
-   +
-#add the following in the Set up PATH to MANPATH mapping section +
-  MANPATH_MAP /usr/local/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin +
- /usr/local/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnuman+
  
 ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
  
-#More GNU commands, but duplicate ones+To add shell scripts to Terminal command, open bash.rc, and add this to the fields (first create a directory for your scripts):
  
-  brew tap homebrew/dupes+  export PATH="/path/to/dir:$PATH"
  
-  brew install binutils +#Then, restart Terminal by:
-  brew install diffutils +
-  brew install ed --default-names +
-  brew install findutils --with-default-names +
-  brew install gawk +
-  brew install gnu-indent --with-default-names +
-  brew install gnu-sed --with-default-names +
-  brew install gnu-tar --with-default-names +
-  brew install gnu-which --with-default-names +
-  brew install gnutls +
-  brew install grep --with-default-names +
-  brew install gzip +
-  brew install screen +
-  brew install watch +
-  brew install wdiff --with-gettext +
-  brew install wget+
  
-#newer versions of tools already on OS X and GNU+  source .bashrc
  
-  brew install bash +#I also added the directory of my shell scripts to the path directory
-  brew install emacs +
-  brew install gdb   gdb requires further actions to make it work. See `brew info gdb`. +
-  brew install gpatch +
-  brew install m4 +
-  brew install make +
-  brew install nano+
  
-#commands not on GNU but on OS X but might want newer+  cd Volumes/Cave/etc/ 
 +  nano edit paths 
  
-  brew install file-formula +#Then add a line to the scripts folder:
-  brew install git +
-  brew install less +
-  brew install openssh +
-  brew install perl518    must run "brew tap homebrew/versions" first! +
-  brew install python +
-  brew install rsync +
-  brew install svn +
-  brew install unzip +
-  brew install vim --override-system-vi +
-  brew install macvim --override-system-vim --custom-system-icons +
-  brew install zsh+
  
--------------------------------------------+  /Volumes/Cave/Users/axes/Scripts
  
-#Adding scripts to my shell PATH so I can run form command line+#To make a script executable (not tested yet - old commands in fodler)
  
-  ln -s /Volumes/Cave/<path-to-script> /usr/local/bin/scriptname+  chmod +x yourshellscript.sh
  
 ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
  
-#To see what is currently installed and save text file in User Downloads+#El Capitan Boot Volume command - presuming it is in the Applications directory and is the GM Candidate version ... if not, substitute in version / title of the one you have:
  
-  brew list > ~/Downloads/brews.txt+  sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan\ GM\ Candidate.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/Untitled --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan\ GM\ Candidate.app --nointeraction
  
 ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
  
-#Remember, there are third party caskrooms (braumeister has lots of info):+#OS X Server Settings
  
-  homebrew/science/metaphlan        +#To require binding
-  Caskroom/cask/tap-bpm             +
-  Caskroom/cask/tuntap              +
-  Caskroom/cask/wiretap-studio    +
-  Caskroom/cask/rcdefaultapp        +
-  Caskroom/cask/tapaal              +
-  Caskroom/cask/wavtap           +
  
-#To install one of them, run (for example): +  sudo slapconfig -setmacosxodpolicy -binding required 
-  brew install homebrew/science/metaphlan +   
-     +#To rebuild an Open Directory if nothing else works (Quit Server, Run Command, Restart CPU)
--------------------------------------------+
  
-#Some error readings I got once ... still need to review ... copied and paster below:+  sudo slapconfig -destroyldapserver
  
-Are you sure you want to uninstall Homebrew? [y/N] y +#Making an alias called "fix_brew" 
-==> Removing Homebrew installation... +  alias fix_brew='sudo chown -R $USER /usr/local/'
-==> Removing empty directories... +
-==> Homebrew uninstalled! +
-The following possible Homebrew files were not deleted: +
-  *   /usr/local/.DS_Store +
-  *   /usr/local/bin/ +
-  *   /usr/local/share/ +
-You may consider to remove them by yourself. +
- +
-#You may want to restore /usr/local's original permissions +
-  sudo chmod 0755 /usr/local +
-  sudo chgrp wheel /usr/local+
      
--------------------------------------------+#preferred way of re-owning homebrew is to use this command below 
 +  sudo chown -R `whoami` /usr/local/ 
 +#or 
 +  sudo chown -R $USER /usr/local/
  
-#Permissions to manually allow everything for a user +#disable System Integrity Protection 
-#The second command owns a directory by root with group wheel over local directory +  csrutil disable 
-#The third restores current user as owner to local directory +  csrutil enable 
- +  csrutil status 
-  sudo chmod -R +a "$USER allow delete,readattr,writeattr,readextattr,writeextattr,readsecurity,writesecurity,chown,list,search,add_file,add_subdirectory,delete_child,file_inherit,directory_inherit" . +   
- +#change gatekeeper settings or disable entirely or re-enable 
-  sudo chown -R root:wheel /usr/local +  spctl --status 
-  sudo chmod -R -N /usr/local +  sudo spctl --master-enable 
- +  spctl --add /Path/To/Application.app
--------------------------------------------+
      
-#To install alternative repositories for later installation, such as:+#Making a shell script executable 
 +  sudo chmod 700 file.sh
  
-  Homebrew/homebrew-apache +#verifying checksum 
-  Homebrew/homebrew-binary +  shasum /path/to/file.extension
-  Homebrew/homebrew-boneyard +
-  Homebrew/homebrew-completions +
-  Homebrew/homebrew-dupes +
-  Homebrew/homebrew-games +
-  Homebrew/homebrew-headonly +
-  Homebrew/homebrew-python +
-  Homebrew/homebrew-science +
-  Homebrew/homebrew-versions +
-  davidchall/homebrew-hep +
-  josegonzalez/homebrew-php+
  
-  brew tap Homebrew/homebrew-binary  +#make tarball dokuwiki 
 +  tar zcpfv dokuwiki-backup.tar.gz /path/to/dokuwiki 
 +  
 +#ssh key pair ... later 
 +  ssh 
  
-#To install the brew tap third party packages, look inside the Taps folder in /usr/local to find one, and then+#disable ssh on *nix machines
  
- brew install homebrew/homebrew-games/<name of package>+  su - root 
 +  cd /etc/ssh/ 
 +  nano sshd_config
  
-#Some are not strict directory paths, but are abbreviations (most likely through the bin somehow) +#change the following lines and make sure to remove comment (#) ... 
-  brew install Caskroom/cask/[name of package from step ^] +  ChallengeResponseAuthentication no 
 +  PasswordAuthentication no 
 +  UsePAM no
  
--------------------------------------------+#restart ssh - which on linux is below ... macOS uses launchd so not sure yet 
 +  /etc/init.d/sshd restart 
 +   
 +#add user from command line - should prompt for password 
 +  sudo sysadminctl -addUser <exampleuser> -password - -admin 
 +   
 +#Changing tempermental host name 
 +  sudo scutil --set ComputerName "newname" 
 +  sudo scutil --set LocalHostName "newname" 
 +  sudo scutil --set HostName "newname" 
 +  dscacheutil -flushcache
  
-#To get private key from bitcoin console +#pimp bash profile 
-#Navigate to bitcoin console+  nano ~/.bash_profile 
 +  export PS1="\[\033[36m\]\u\[\033[m\]@\[\033[32m\]\h:\[\033[33;1m\]\w\[\033[m\]\$ " 
 +  export CLICOLOR=1 
 +  export LSCOLORS=ExFxBxDxCxegedabagacad 
 +  #alias ls='ls -GFh' 
 +  alias l='ls' 
 +  alias ll='ls -lah'
  
-  walletpassphrase [enterpassword] +#sfcc server - use for thunderbird on macOS and on gnulinux 
-  dumprivkey [enter public address from gui]+  https://archimedes.sfcc.edu/EWS/Exchange.asmx 
 +   
 +#homebrew changed path ... add sbin to default PATH ... 
 +  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/sbin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile 
 +   
 +#homebrew remove shallow
  
-#Out comes the private key+    git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" fetch --unshallow
  
--------------------------------------------+Apache password protect directory:
  
-#To add shell scripts to Terminal command, open bash.rc, and add this to the fields (first create a directory for your scripts):+  sudo htpasswd -c .htpasswd username1 
 +  sudo htpasswd .htpasswd username2  
  
-  export PATH="/path/to/dir:$PATH"+syntax for BSD, macOS, and Red Hat:
  
-#Then, restart Terminal by:+  AuthUserFile /private/etc/httpd/.htpasswd  
 +  AuthGroupFile /dev/null 
 +  AuthName "Members Only" 
 +  AuthType Basic 
 +   
 +syntax for Debian: 
 +   
 +  AuthType Basic 
 +  AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/.htpasswd 
 +  AuthName "Please Authenticate" 
 +  Require valid-user 
 +   
 +  
 +If you have an SMC based Mac, make sure to install macfanctl when installing GNU/Linux on the device:
  
-  source .bashrc+  apt-get update 
 +  apt-get install macfanctld 
 +  /etc/macfanctl.conf 
 +  <set desired values> 
 +  service macfanctld restart 
 +   
 +Chromium API - Q5 - add to ~/.profile
  
-#I also added the directory of my shell scripts to the path directory+  export GOOGLE_API_KEY="AIzaSyAz932CQ2FD3654AKxq3GCE4voQ3eBPuR" 
 +  export GOOGLE_DEFAULT_CLIENT_ID="702748309358-4f29qgd9h1qgla7l0l4sh15lrj1livs0.apps.googleusercontent.com" 
 +  export GOOGLE_DEFAULT_CLIENT_SECRET="OZ3G8hpcHiw77l_Jh_IDJuz"
  
-  cd Volumes/Cave/etc/ +To run the program, you must make a shell script that does:
-  nano edit paths  +
- +
-#Then add a line to the scripts folder: +
- +
-  /Volumes/Cave/Users/axes/Scripts +
- +
-#To make a script executable (not tested yet - old commands in fodler) +
- +
-  chmod +x yourshellscript.sh +
- +
-------------------------------------------- +
- +
-#El Capitan Boot Volume command - presuming it is in the Applications directory and is the GM Candidate version ... if not, substitute in version / title of the one you have: +
- +
-  sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan\ GM\ Candidate.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/Untitled --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan\ GM\ Candidate.app --nointeraction+
  
 +  /Applications/Chromium.app/Contents/MacOS/Chromium
  
 +Remove the annoying Gatekeeper ban on open source apps like GIMP
  
 +  xattr -d com.apple.quarantine /Volumes/macos/Applications/GIMP-2.10.app
  
 +This tutorial is a designated "Invariant Section" of the "Technotronic" section of Haack's Wiki as described on the [[https://jonathanhaack.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=start|Start Page]].
  
 + --- //[[jonathan@haacksnetworking.com|oemb1905]] 2020/02/11 17:59//
computing/darwin.1461472310.txt.gz · Last modified: 2018/11/25 01:33 (external edit)

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